Double Diffusion Encoding for Probing Radiation-Induced Microstructural Changes in a Tumor Model: A Proof-of-Concept Study With Comparison to the Apparent Diffusion Coefficient and Histology

Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging : JMRI
Gaëtan DuchêneFrank Peeters

Abstract

Microstructure analyses are gaining interest in cancer MRI as an alternative to the conventional apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), of which the determinants remain unclear. To assess the sensitivity of parameters calculated from a double diffusion encoding (DDE) sequence to changes in a tumor's microstructure early after radiotherapy and to compare them with ADC and histology. Cohort study on experimental tumors. Sixteen WAG/Rij rats grafted with one rhabdomyosarcoma fragment in each thigh. Thirty-one were imaged at days 1 and 4, of which 17 tumors received a 20 Gy radiation dose after the first imagery. 3T. Diffusion-weighted imaging, DDE with flow compensated, and noncompensated measurements. 1) To compare, after irradiation, DDE-derived parameters (intracellular fraction, cell size, and cell density) to their histological counterparts (fraction of stained area, minimal Feret diameter, and nuclei count, respectively). 2) To compare percentage changes in DDE-derived parameters and ADC. 3) To evaluate the evolution of DDE-derived parameters describing perfusion. Wilcoxon rank sum test. 1) Intracellular fraction, cell size, and cell density were respectively lower (-24%, P < 0.001), higher (+7.5%, P < 0.001) and lower (-38%,...Continue Reading

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