Downstream effector molecules in successful peripheral nerve regeneration

Cell and Tissue Research
Smriti Patodia, Gennadij Raivich

Abstract

The robust axon regeneration that occurs following peripheral nerve injury is driven by transcriptional activation of the regeneration program and by the expression of a wide range of downstream effector molecules from neuropeptides and neurotrophic factors to adhesion molecules and cytoskeletal adaptor proteins. These regeneration-associated effector molecules regulate the actin-tubulin machinery of growth-cones, integrate intracellular signalling and stimulatory and inhibitory signals from the local environment and translate them into axon elongation. In addition to the neuronally derived molecules, an important transcriptional component is found in locally activated Schwann cells and macrophages, which release a number of cytokines, growth factors and neurotrophins that support neuronal survival and axonal regeneration and that might provide directional guidance cues towards appropriate peripheral targets. This review aims to provide a comprehensive up-to-date account of the transcriptional regulation and functional role of these effector molecules and of the information that they can give us with regard to the organisation of the regeneration program.

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Citations

Jun 16, 2012·Cell and Tissue Research·H W MüllerM Bähr
Feb 7, 2013·Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery·Jung-Hsien HsiehSung-Tsang Hsieh
Sep 2, 2014·BioMed Research International·Eric P KnottDamien D Pearse
Sep 16, 2015·The European Journal of Neuroscience·Tessa Gordon, Wolfram Tetzlaff
Mar 5, 2016·Experimental Neurology·Jeffrey P Rasmussen, Alvaro Sagasti
Aug 27, 2015·Molecular and Cellular Neurosciences·Matthew T SimpsonMurray G Blackmore
Sep 22, 2015·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Josephine PinkernelleGerburg Keilhoff
Aug 24, 2018·Neural Regeneration Research·Sheng YiLing-Yan Xing
Jan 24, 2015·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Holly A HungJohn Svaren

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