Drive-amplitude-modulation atomic force microscopy: From vacuum to liquids.

Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology
Miriam JaafarJulio Gómez-Herrero

Abstract

We introduce drive-amplitude-modulation atomic force microscopy as a dynamic mode with outstanding performance in all environments from vacuum to liquids. As with frequency modulation, the new mode follows a feedback scheme with two nested loops: The first keeps the cantilever oscillation amplitude constant by regulating the driving force, and the second uses the driving force as the feedback variable for topography. Additionally, a phase-locked loop can be used as a parallel feedback allowing separation of the conservative and nonconservative interactions. We describe the basis of this mode and present some examples of its performance in three different environments. Drive-amplutide modulation is a very stable, intuitive and easy to use mode that is free of the feedback instability associated with the noncontact-to-contact transition that occurs in the frequency-modulation mode.

References

Jun 15, 1996·Physical Review. B, Condensed Matter·B AnczykowskiH Fuchs
Apr 12, 2006·Physical Review Letters·Noriaki OyabuOscar Custance
May 17, 2007·The Review of Scientific Instruments·I HorcasA M Baro
Jun 13, 2008·Structure·Jinghua TangTimothy S Baker
Aug 12, 2009·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·John MelcherArvind Raman
Jun 15, 2011·Physical Review Letters·D Martinez-MartinR Garcia

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Citations

Aug 30, 2013·Nature Methods·Yves F DufrêneDaniel J Müller
Jul 8, 2015·Small·Pablo AresAgustina Asenjo
Feb 16, 2016·Nanoscale·Pablo AresFernando Moreno-Herrero
Mar 19, 2013·Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology·John MelcherArvind Raman
Feb 12, 2015·Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology·Adrian P NievergeltGeorg E Fantner
Apr 30, 2020·Nanoscale·Miriam JaafarAgustina Asenjo
Sep 22, 2020·Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology·Santiago H AndanyGeorg E Fantner
Jul 27, 2020·ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces·Yolanda Manzanares-NegroJulio Gomez Herrero

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