Drivers of the dive response in pinnipeds; apnea, submergence or temperature?

The Journal of Experimental Biology
Jeppe KaczmarekPeter T Madsen

Abstract

Long and deep dives in marine mammals are enabled by high mass-specific oxygen stores and the dive response, which reduces oxygen consumption in concert with increased peripheral vasoconstriction and a lowered heart rate during dives. Diving heart rates of pinnipeds are highly variable and modulated by many factors, such as breath holding (apnea), pressure, swimming activity, temperature and even cognitive control. However, the individual effects of these factors on diving heart rate are poorly understood because of the difficulty of parsing their relative contributions in diving pinnipeds. Here, we examined the effects of apnea and external sensory inputs as autonomic drivers of bradycardia. Specifically, we hypothesized that (1) water stimulation of facial receptors would - as is the case for terrestrial mammals - enhance the dive response, (2) increasing the facial area stimulated would lead to a more intense bradycardia, and (3) cold water would elicit a more pronounced bradycardia than warm water. Three harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) and a California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) were trained to breath hold in air and with their heads submerged in a basin with variable water level and temperature. We show that bradycard...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1991·Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology·T M WilliamsD A Croll
Jan 1, 1990·Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology·P J PonganisD A Croll
Jan 1, 1988·Acta Physiologica Scandinavica·K Schuitema, B Holm
Sep 1, 1972·Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. A, Comparative Physiology·G L Kooyman, W B Campbell
Oct 1, 1974·The Journal of Physiology·B A GoodmanS Young
Apr 1, 1974·Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology·R W Dykes
Feb 1, 1972·The American Journal of Physiology·Y C LinG C Whittow
Jan 11, 1966·The American Journal of Physiology·H V MurdaughE Weiss
May 1, 1970·Respiration Physiology·R ElsnerR E Brooks
Jan 1, 1966·Journal of Applied Physiology·I Brick
Oct 22, 1966·Nature·R ElsnerK Burgess
Jul 1, 1967·Journal of Applied Physiology·S K HongC S Suh
Dec 1, 1967·Journal of Applied Physiology·Y KawakamiA R DuBois
Jan 1, 1994·Integrative Physiological and Behavioral Science : the Official Journal of the Pavlovian Society·B A Gooden
Mar 1, 1994·The American Journal of Physiology·M A CastelliniM Harris
Jan 1, 1996·European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology·E Schagatay, B Holm
Oct 24, 1997·Journal of Applied Physiology·M FerrignoC E Lundgren
Feb 12, 1998·European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology·J Andersson, E Schagatay
Jan 12, 1999·Physiological and Biochemical Zoology : PBZ·V FalabellaC Campagna
Mar 1, 1961·Circulation Research·H V MURDAUGHW L MITCHELL
Dec 1, 1963·Scientific American·P F SCHOLANDER
May 23, 1964·Nature·R W ELSNERR L VANCITTERS
May 1, 1962·Journal of Applied Physiology·C R OLSENP F SCHOLANDER
Oct 9, 2004·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Jennifer L LapierreMichael O Hammill
May 13, 2006·The Journal of Animal Ecology·Stephanie L WatwoodPeter L Tyack
Apr 1, 2008·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Jessica U MeirPaul J Ponganis
May 1, 2008·The Journal of Animal Ecology·Natacha Aguilar SotoPeter Tyack
Jul 7, 2009·Neuroscience Letters·Mario Campero, Hugh Bostock
Jan 23, 2010·Journal of Applied Physiology·W Michael PannetonRajko Juric
May 16, 2012·Journal of Comparative Physiology. A, Neuroethology, Sensory, Neural, and Behavioral Physiology·Randall W Davis, Terrie M Williams
Jul 28, 2012·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Shawn R NorenTerrie M Williams
Jan 1, 2011·Comprehensive Physiology·Paul J Ponganis
Aug 9, 2013·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Birgitte I McDonald, Paul J Ponganis
Oct 16, 2013·Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology·Randall W Davis
May 3, 2014·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Birgitte I McDonald, Paul J Ponganis
Jan 17, 2015·Nature Communications·Terrie M WilliamsRandall W Davis
Jan 1, 2015·Temperature : Multidisciplinary Biomedical Journal·Davide Filingeri, George Havenith
Nov 23, 2016·Current Biology : CB·Siri L ElmegaardBirgitte I McDonald

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Sep 26, 2019·Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology·Elissa M HultSteven J Swoap
Feb 27, 2020·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Birgitte I McDonaldPaul J Ponganis
Jul 19, 2020·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Andreas FahlmanAshley Blawas
Oct 18, 2019·Frontiers in Physiology·Kaitlin N Allen, José Pablo Vázquez-Medina
Jun 26, 2020·Frontiers in Neuroscience·W Michael Panneton, Qi Gan
Sep 13, 2019·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Siri L ElmegaardPeter T Madsen
Dec 2, 2020·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Ashley M BlawasAndreas Fahlman

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Bradyarrhythmias

Bradyarrhythmias are slow heart rates. Symptoms may include syncope, dizziness, fatigure, shortness of breath, and chest pains. Find the latest research on bradyarrhythmias here.

Related Papers

Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology
T M WilliamsD A Croll
The Journal of Experimental Biology
Paul J PonganisCassondra L Williams
Current Biology : CB
Siri L ElmegaardBirgitte I McDonald
© 2022 Meta ULC. All rights reserved