Dual-tropic HIV type 1 isolates vary dramatically in their utilization of CCR5 and CXCR4 coreceptors.

AIDS
Jonathan TomaWei Huang

Abstract

Dual HIV-1 utilizes cellular CCR5 and CXCR4 coreceptors to enter host cells. Recent studies indicate that the ability of these viruses to use both coreceptors varies significantly in cell lines expressing CXCR4 or CCR5; however, it is not clear whether differences in coreceptor mediated infection in vitro reflect infection of primary cells in vivo. We evaluated coreceptor usage of dual envelope clones from patient viruses using a single-cycle pseudovirus assay conducted in cell lines and a replication-competent assay performed using peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Dual envelope clones were selected and classified into three groups, R5>X4, R5 approximately X4, and X4>R5, based on their ability to mediate entry by using CXCR4 and CCR5 in a pseudovirus assay. We observed a high degree of concordance between measurements of coreceptor-mediated entry in pseudovirus and peripheral blood mononuclear cell assays. R5>X4 viruses were efficiently inhibited by a CCR5 antagonist, but not a CXCR4 antagonist, whereas X4>R5 viruses were efficiently inhibited by a CXCR4 antagonist, but not a CCR5 antagonist. R5 approximately X4 viruses were not inhibited, or only partially inhibited, by either a CCR5 or a CXCR4 antagonist alone. These obser...Continue Reading

References

Feb 17, 1997·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·R I ConnorN R Landau
Mar 4, 1997·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·C C BleulC R Mackay
Jan 14, 1998·Nature Medicine·G A DonzellaJ P Moore
Jan 24, 1998·Nature·E A BergerR A Weiss
Jun 8, 1999·Annual Review of Immunology·E A BergerJ M Farber
Sep 24, 2004·Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes : JAIDS·Craig W HendrixUNKNOWN AMD3100 HIV Study Group
Jul 5, 2005·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Zabrina L BrummeP Richard Harrigan
Feb 14, 2007·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Steven J Projan
Jun 16, 2007·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Roy M GulickUNKNOWN AIDS Clinical Trials Group 5211 Team
Aug 9, 2007·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Eric S DaarUNKNOWN Hemophilia Growth and Development Study
Sep 6, 2008·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Jeffrey M JacobsonWilliam C Olson
Oct 4, 2008·The New England Journal of Medicine·Roy M GulickUNKNOWN MOTIVATE Study Teams

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Dec 29, 2010·Current HIV/AIDS Reports·Paul R Gorry, Petronela Ancuta
Feb 2, 2012·AIDS Care·Luci A MartinShelley A Riggs
Jun 29, 2013·Culture, Health & Sexuality·Erin Stern, Rosemarie Buikema
May 2, 2012·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Alejandro Gonzalez-SernaEzequiel Ruiz-Mateos
Mar 26, 2014·Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes : JAIDS·Kristi E GamarelMallory O Johnson
Oct 3, 2014·AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses·Mariangela CavarelliGabriella Scarlatti
Feb 1, 2015·Clinical Microbiology and Infection : the Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases·M SurdoF Ceccherini-Silberstein
Sep 23, 2014·Journal of Neurovirology·Sarah B JosephRonald Swanstrom
Apr 20, 2013·International Journal of Infectious Diseases : IJID : Official Publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases·Isabella BonMaria Carla Re
Jul 12, 2020·Fluids and Barriers of the CNS·Amila OmeragicReina Bendayan
Oct 16, 2020·JCI Insight·Emmanuele Venanzi RulloUna O'Doherty

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.