Duplication and divergence of the retrovirus restriction gene Fv1 in Mus caroli allows protection from multiple retroviruses.

PLoS Genetics
Melvyn W YapJonathan P Stoye

Abstract

Viruses and their hosts are locked in an evolutionary race where resistance to infection is acquired by the hosts while viruses develop strategies to circumvent these host defenses. Forming one arm of the host defense armory are cell autonomous restriction factors like Fv1. Originally described as protecting laboratory mice from infection by murine leukemia virus (MLV), Fv1s from some wild mice have also been found to restrict non-MLV retroviruses, suggesting an important role in the protection against viruses in nature. We surveyed the Fv1 genes of wild mice trapped in Thailand and characterized their restriction activities against a panel of retroviruses. An extra copy of the Fv1 gene, named Fv7, was found on chromosome 6 of three closely related Asian species of mice: Mus caroli, M. cervicolor, and M. cookii. The presence of flanking repeats suggested it arose by LINE-mediated retroduplication within their most recent common ancestor. A high degree of natural variation was observed in both Fv1 and Fv7 and, on top of positive selection at certain residues, insertions and deletions were present that changed the length of the reading frames. These genes exhibited a range of restriction phenotypes, with activities directed again...Continue Reading

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
KF975446
ERP023198

Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
RNAseq
restriction profiles
flow cytometry
genotyping
transfection

Key Resources (RRID) Mentioned

Addgene_85042

Software Mentioned

UGENE
HISAT2
HyPhy suite
FastTree
FUBAR
MEME
FigTree
CAGE
FastTree LogL
MAFFT

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