Dynamic 3D culture: models of chondrogenesis and endochondral ossification

Birth Defects Research. Part C, Embryo Today : Reviews
Nicola C FosterAlicia J El Haj

Abstract

The formation of cartilage from stem cells during development is a complex process which is regulated by both local growth factors and biomechanical cues, and results in the differentiation of chondrocytes into a range of subtypes in specific regions of the tissue. In fetal development cartilage also acts as a precursor scaffold for many bones, and mineralization of this cartilaginous bone precursor occurs through the process of endochondral ossification. In the endochondral formation of bones during fetal development the interplay between cell signalling, growth factors, and biomechanics regulates the formation of load bearing bone, in addition to the joint capsule containing articular cartilage and synovium, generating complex, functional joints from a single precursor anlagen. These joint tissues are subsequently prone to degeneration in adult life and have poor regenerative capabilities, and so understanding how they are created during development may provide useful insights into therapies for diseases, such as osteoarthritis, and restoring bone and cartilage lost in adulthood. Of particular interest is how these tissues regenerate in the mechanically dynamic environment of a living joint, and so experiments performed using...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 22, 2015·Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy·Ivana Gadjanski, Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic
May 23, 2019·Tissue Engineering. Part a·Alicia J El Haj
May 12, 2018·Genes·Julia ScheinpflugFrank Schulze
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Aug 18, 2020·Biomedical Research·Wataru AriyoshiTatsuji Nishihara
Mar 2, 2017·Stem Cells International·Mingjie WangQuanyi Guo
Jan 21, 2021·Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology·Graziana MonacoMartin J Stoddart
May 20, 2021·Tissue Engineering. Part B, Reviews·Nicola C FosterAlicia J El Haj
Sep 12, 2017·International Journal of Pharmaceutics·Tania Belen Lopez-MendezGorka Orive

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