Dynamic changes in cortical and spinal activities with different representations of isometric motor actions and efforts

Brain Stimulation
R MazzocchioA Rossi

Abstract

Positioning the shoulder joint from 30 degrees adduction (anterior [ANT]) to 30 degrees abduction (posterior [POST]) in the horizontal plane modifies the corticospinal output to hand and forearm muscles in humans. We investigated the mechanisms by which the central nervous system (CNS) maintains force output under conditions of increased effort and reduced corticospinal activity. Ten healthy subjects were studied with the shoulder joint fully supported and passively kept either in ANT or POST. Changes in motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), intracortical inhibition (ICI), intracortical facilitation (ICF), H-reflex and F-waves were studied at force levels corresponding to 10% maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) of abductor digiti minimi (ADM) in ANT for both shoulder positions. In addition, premovement changes in ADM MEP size were assessed in a choice reaction time paradigm in the two shoulder positions. ADM MEPs were larger in POST than in ANT either during or before ADM voluntary contraction, pointing to increased corticospinal excitability in both conditions. ICI and ICF were increased and decreased, respectively, indicating a general disfacilitation on primary motor cortical (M1) output ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 22, 2010·European Journal of Neurology : the Official Journal of the European Federation of Neurological Societies·R Mazzocchio, A Rossi
Jul 17, 2010·Brain Stimulation·Paolo MilaniRiccardo Mazzocchio
Feb 13, 2016·Journal of Neurophysiology·James L NuzzoJanet L Taylor
Sep 1, 2017·Journal of Neurophysiology·Brandon Wayne CollinsDuane C Button
Mar 23, 2021·Experimental Brain Research·Shashwati GeedAlexander W Dromerick

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