Dynamic changes in white matter microstructure in anorexia nervosa: findings from a longitudinal study

Psychological Medicine
Nina von SchwanenflugStefan Ehrlich

Abstract

Gray matter (GM) 'pseudoatrophy' is well-documented in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), but changes in white matter (WM) are less well understood. Here we investigated the dynamics of microstructural WM brain changes in AN patients during short-term weight restoration in a combined longitudinal and cross-sectional study design. Diffusion-weighted images were acquired in young AN patients before (acAN-Tp1, n = 56) and after (acAN-Tp2, n = 44) short-term weight restoration as well as in age-matched healthy controls (HC, n = 60). Images were processed using Tract-Based-Spatial-Statistics to compare fractional anisotropy (FA) across groups and timepoints. In the cross-sectional comparison, FA was significantly reduced in the callosal body in acAN-Tp1 compared with HC, while no differences were found between acAN-Tp2 and HC. In the longitudinal arm, FA increased with weight gain in acAN-Tp2 relative to acAN-Tp1 in large parts of the callosal body and the fornix, while it decreased in the right corticospinal tract. Our findings reveal that dynamic, bidirectional changes in WM microstructure in young underweight patients with AN can be reversed with brief weight restoration therapy. These results parallel those previously observed...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 25, 2019·The International Journal of Eating Disorders·Gaia OlivoHelgi B Schiöth
Jul 16, 2019·Current Opinion in Psychiatry·Guido K W Frank
Jul 16, 2019·Current Opinion in Psychiatry·Joanna E SteinglassKarin Foerde
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Apr 19, 2021·Journal of Eating Disorders·Karin FoerdeJoanna E Steinglass
May 15, 2021·Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry·Daniel GeislerStefan Ehrlich

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