Dynamic Signatures of the Epigenome: Friend or Foe?

Cells
Marta Machnik, Urszula Oleksiewicz

Abstract

Highly dynamic epigenetic signaling is influenced mainly by (micro)environmental stimuli and genetic factors. The exact mechanisms affecting particular epigenomic patterns differ dependently on the context. In the current review, we focus on the causes and effects of the dynamic signatures of the human epigenome as evaluated with the high-throughput profiling data and single-gene approaches. We will discuss three different aspects of phenotypic outcomes occurring as a consequence of epigenetics interplaying with genotype and environment. The first issue is related to the cases of environmental impacts on epigenetic profile, and its adverse and advantageous effects related to human health and evolutionary adaptation. The next topic will present a model of the interwoven co-evolution of genetic and epigenetic patterns exemplified with transposable elements (TEs) and their epigenetic repressors Krüppel-associated box zinc finger proteins (KRAB-ZNFs). The third aspect concentrates on the mitosis-based microevolution that takes place during carcinogenesis, leading to clonal diversity and expansion of tumor cells. The whole picture of epigenome plasticity and its role in distinct biological processes is still incomplete. However, acc...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 7, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Joanna SobocińskaUrszula Oleksiewicz
Dec 29, 2020·Seminars in Cancer Biology·Urszula Oleksiewicz, Marta Machnik
Aug 31, 2021·The EMBO Journal·Roberto VendraminCharles Swanton

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
methylome
methylation profiling
deamination
immunoprecipitation
ChIP-seq
ChIP-exo
targeted modifications

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