Dynamics on the field: a focused study on the culture and context of pediatric pain management at four Ghanaian hospitals.

BMC Pediatrics
Abigail Kusi AmponsahAnna Axelin

Abstract

As part of efforts to develop and implement a short course educational program on pediatric pain management, the current study sought to understand the culture and contextual factors that influence children's pain management in order to improve the practice in pediatric care settings. Guided by Bourdieu's theory of practice, a focused ethnographic study was conducted from October, 2018 to February, 2019. The study was contextualized at four Ghanaian hospitals among purposefully sampled nurses, physicians, hospitalized children and their families. During the 20-week study period, three ethnographers spent 144 h conducting participant-observation sessions. Formal and informal interviews were held with participants in addition to review of hospital records. Analysis of the field data resulted in four themes. "Children's pain expression and response of caregivers" described the disposition (habitus) of both children and caregivers to act in particular ways due to children's incomplete health status (bodily capital) which caused them pain and also resulted in discomforting procedures. "Pharmacological pain management practices and attitudes" elucidated the use of analgesics as the mainstay disposition (habitus) in children's pain ma...Continue Reading

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