Dysfunction and Therapeutic Potential of Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Diabetes Mellitus

Journal of Clinical Medicine Research
Lidong HuAnthony Cannavicci

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic, multifactorial metabolic disease whereby insulin deficiency or resistance results in hyperglycemia. Endothelial cells (ECs) form the innermost layer of the blood vessel and produce and release a variety of vasoactive substances and growth factors to regulate vascular homeostasis and angiogenesis. Hyperglycemia and insulin resistance can cause endothelial dysfunction, leading to vascular complications such as coronary artery disease, peripheral arterial disease, diabetic nephropathy, neuropathy and retinopathy. The detrimental effect exerted on ECs by hyperglycemia and insulin resistance underlines the importance of reparatory mechanisms in DM. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), derived from bone marrow, have been recognized as endogenous cells involved in endothelial repair and new blood vessel formation. Initially isolated from a subset of circulating CD34+ mononuclear cells, EPCs were found to possess the ability to differentiate into ECs when cultured in vitro and incorporate into newly formed vessels upon transplantation in animal models of ischemia. Due to the low frequency of CD34+ cells in circulation, the vast majority of studies investigating EPC actions have used cells that are g...Continue Reading

Citations

Dec 16, 2018·Biological Trace Element Research·Qi ZhouJiancheng Xu
Mar 5, 2021·Pharmacology & Therapeutics·Azizah UgusmanAmilia Aminuddin
Aug 3, 2021·Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity : Targets and Therapy·Shidong TanZhongqun Wang
Apr 23, 2020·Current Vascular Pharmacology·Sevket Balta
Aug 8, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Vadim V KlimontovAnton I Korbut
Aug 17, 2021·Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : ECAM·Mengxia YuanShibin Lin

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