Early adversity in rural India impacts the brain networks underlying visual working memory

Developmental Science
Sobanawartiny WijeakumarJohn P Spencer

Abstract

There is a growing need to understand the global impact of poverty on early brain and behavioural development, particularly with regard to key cognitive processes that emerge in early development. Although the impact of adversity on brain development can trap children in an intergenerational cycle of poverty, the massive potential for brain plasticity is also a source of hope: reliable, accessible, culturally agnostic methods to assess early brain development in low resource settings might be used to measure the impact of early adversity, identify infants for timely intervention and guide the development and monitor the effectiveness of early interventions. Visual working memory (VWM) is an early marker of cognitive capacity that has been assessed reliably in early infancy and is predictive of later academic achievement in Western countries. Here, we localized the functional brain networks that underlie VWM in early development in rural India using a portable neuroimaging system, and we assessed the impact of adversity on these brain networks. We recorded functional brain activity as young children aged 4-48 months performed a VWM task. Brain imaging results revealed localized activation in the frontal cortex, replicating findi...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 11, 2020·Developmental Science·Seth D Pollak, Barbara L Wolfe
Jun 9, 2020·Journal of Neurosurgical Anesthesiology·Clare E Elwell
Oct 19, 2019·Pediatric Blood & Cancer·Bethany D NugentJean M Tersak
Feb 8, 2021·NeuroImage·Janina R GallerPedro A Valdés-Sosa
Mar 25, 2021·Current Directions in Psychological Science·John P Spencer

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
infrared spectroscopy

Software Mentioned

AtlasViewerGUI
iso2mesh
3dClustSim
SPSS
Director
TechEn
3dSeg

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