PMID: 2479160Nov 1, 1989Paper

Early detection of prostate cancer.

The Urologic Clinics of North America
P T Scardino

Abstract

Many important features of the biology of prostate cancer have not been discussed in this review, which has emphasized the traditional criteria for characterizing the biologic behavior of the disease: volume, grade, and invasiveness. Studies of the pathology of prostate cancer found at autopsy or in the clinic, the natural history of the disease, and the results of treatment trials leave little room for doubt that large cancers, particularly those that are not well differentiated or that invade outside of the prostate, will prove lethal if not effectively treated. We do not know whether some small prostate cancers are potentially dangerous. Perhaps studies of nuclear features, DNA content, or oncogene expression will be able to distinguish the potentially lethal small cancers from the truly "latent" small cancers. We do, however, have strong evidence that every big cancer is dangerous. Autopsy studies have established that there are not two forms of prostate cancer, but one. Initial malignant transformation in the prostate produces an adenocarcinoma histologically indistinguishable from any other prostate cancer. However, a promoter seems to be necessary to activate the tumor and allow it to express its malignant potential. The...Continue Reading

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