Early Detection of Schistosoma Egg-Induced Pulmonary Granulomas in a Returning Traveler

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Noémie CoronDominique Chabasse

Abstract

We report the case of a French traveler who developed acute pulmonary schistosomiasis 2 months after visiting Benin. He presented with a 1-month history of fever, cough, and thoracic pain. Initial investigations revealed hypereosinophilia and multiple nodular lesions on chest computed tomography scan. Lung biopsies were performed 2 months later because of migrating chest infiltrates and increasing eosinophilia. Histological examination showed schistosomal egg-induced pulmonary granulomas with ova exhibiting a prominent terminal spine, resembling Schistosoma haematobium. However, egg shells were Ziehl-Neelsen positive, raising the possibility of a Schistosoma intercalatum or a Schistosoma guineensis infection. Moreover, involvement of highly infectious hybrid species cannot be excluded considering the atypical early pulmonary oviposition. This case is remarkable because of the rarity of pulmonary schistosomiasis, its peculiar clinical presentation and difficulties in making species identification. It also emphasizes the need to consider schistosomiasis diagnosis in all potentially exposed travelers with compatible symptoms.

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Citations

Feb 28, 2019·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·Federico GobbiZeno Bisoffi
Mar 11, 2019·BMJ Case Reports·Jonathan Massie, Sarah Howling
Dec 13, 2016·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Patrick SoentjensMarjan Van Esbroeck
Sep 17, 2019·Heart, Lung & Circulation·Ezzeldin A MostafaZeinab A Kamar
Jun 25, 2021·JAAPA : Official Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants·Alison M Garcia, Elyse Watkins

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