Early diagnosis of lateral meningocele syndrome in an infant without neurological symptoms based on genomic analysis.

Child's Nervous System : ChNS : Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery
Mamiko YamadaKenjiro Kosaki

Abstract

Lateral meningocele syndrome is characterized by multiple lateral meningoceles with a distinctive craniofacial appearance, hyperextensibility of the skin, and hypermobility of the joints. The syndrome is caused by heterozygous truncating variants in the last exon, exon 33, of the NOTCH3 gene. Here, we present a 2-year-old girl for whom an early genomic analysis allowed us to recognize the presence of lateral meningoceles and to begin early monitoring of her condition for possible neurological complications. She had a characteristic facial appearance, hyperextensibility of the skin and mobility of the joints, and developmental delays. Given that lateral meningocele syndrome is a rare syndrome, the existence of lateral meningoceles is suspected only when the causative gene is detected by genetic testing. MRI scans are unlikely to be performed in infancy in the absence of neurological symptoms suggestive of meningoceles. No formal guidelines have been established for the neurosurgical indications for lateral meningocele syndrome. Given the features of hyperextensibility of the skin and hypermobility of the joints, lateral meningocele syndrome can be categorized as a connective tissue disease and may be progressive, as with the dur...Continue Reading

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