Abstract
We assessed early rearing conditions on aging-related changes in mouse behavior. Two isolated-housing groups, running wheel (IHRW) and empty cage (IHEC), were compared against two enriched environments, static (EEST) and dynamic (EEDY), both of which included toys and other mice. For EEDY, the location of toys and sources of food and water changed daily, but remained constant for EEST. All mice, randomly assigned to one of the four groups at ∼4 weeks of age, remained in their respective environments for 25 weeks followed by single housing in empty cages. Beginning at ∼40 weeks of age, all mice were tested at monthly intervals in a plus-shaped maze in which we measured the number of arm entries and the probability of entering a perpendicular arm. Despite making significantly more arm entries than any other group, IHEC mice also were less likely to turn into the left or right arm, a sign of motor inflexibility. Both EEDY and EEST mice showed enhanced turning relative to IHRW and IHEC groups, but only EEDY mice maintained their turning performance for up to ∼100 weeks of age. EEDY and EEST mice also were unique in showing an increase in expression of the major glutamate transporter (GLT1) in striatum, but a decrease in motor corte...Continue Reading
References
May 1, 1990·Trends in Pharmacological Sciences·P M Headley, S Grillner
May 23, 1997·Science·G S BernsM A Mintun
Jan 24, 1998·Brain Research·G V RebecM T Bardo
Feb 13, 2001·Mechanisms of Ageing and Development·G SegoviaF Mora
May 23, 2001·Progress in Neurobiology·N C Danbolt
Apr 10, 2002·Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS·Yaakov Stern
Sep 5, 2002·Annals of Neurology·Gerd KempermannFred H Gage
Jul 31, 2004·Neuroscience·S L Campbell, J J Hablitz
Dec 13, 2005·The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience·Elodie FinoLaurent Venance
Dec 24, 2005·Nature Reviews. Neuroscience·Sara N Burke, Carol A Barnes
Jan 18, 2006·Hippocampus·Andrea K OlsonBrian R Christie
Mar 15, 2006·Nature Neuroscience·Alexis M StranahanElizabeth Gould
Jun 6, 2006·Brain Research Bulletin·Gregorio SegoviaFrancisco Mora
Jun 15, 2007·Brain Research Reviews·Francisco MoraAlberto del Arco
Mar 21, 2008·Neuroscience·B R MillerG V Rebec
Jun 27, 2008·Neuron·Bianca C WittmannRaymond J Dolan
Dec 10, 2008·Neuroscience·C BeurrierP Gubellini
Feb 24, 2009·Hippocampus·J Leigh Leasure, Linda Decker
Mar 10, 2009·Trends in Neurosciences·Alessandro SaleLamberto Maffei
Apr 4, 2009·Journal of Neural Transmission·Gregorio SegoviaFrancisco Mora
Jul 28, 2009·Brain Research Reviews·Laura PetrosiniLaura Mandolesi
Sep 1, 2009·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·Emrah DüzelSandra Düzel
Apr 20, 2010·Neurochemical Research·Ana María Estrada-SánchezLourdes Massieu
Jun 24, 2010·Aging Cell·Brigitte PotierPatrick Dutar
Sep 16, 2010·Nature Reviews. Neuroscience·Giles E Hardingham, Hilmar Bading
Feb 1, 2012·PloS One·S Lee HongGeorge V Rebec
Mar 8, 2012·Nature Reviews. Neuroscience·John H Morrison, Mark G Baxter
Sep 12, 2012·Behavioural Brain Research·A M MuehlmannM H Lewis
Oct 13, 2012·Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience·Sushmita L AllamTheodore W Berger
May 28, 2013·Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology : the Official Journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology·Holly M BrothersGary L Wenk
Jul 12, 2013·The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences·Andrea L RossoCaterina Rosano
Nov 21, 2014·The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience·Sara J Tallaksen-GreeneRoger L Albin