Early Holocene human remains from the Argentinean Pampas: additional evidence for distinctive cranial morphology of early South Americans

American Journal of Physical Anthropology
Héctor M PucciarelliGustavo G Politis

Abstract

The cranial morphology of Early Holocene American human samples is characterized by a long and narrow cranial vault, whereas more recent samples exhibit a shorter and wider cranial vault. Two hypotheses have been proposed to account for the morphological differences between early and late-American samples: (a) the migratory hypothesis that suggests that the morphological variation between early and late American samples was the result of a variable number of migratory waves; and (b) the local diversification hypothesis, that is, the morphological differences between early and late American samples were mainly generated by local, random (genetic drift), and nonrandom factors (selection and phenotypic plasticity). We present the first craniometric study of three early skulls from the Argentinean Pampas, dated ∼8,000 cal. years BP (Arroyo Seco 2, Chocorí, and La Tigra), and one associated with mega-faunal remains (Fontezuelas skull). In addition, we studied several Late Holocene samples. We show that the skulls from the Argentinean Pampas are morphologically similar to other Early Holocene American skulls (i.e., Lagoa Santa from Brazil, Tequendama, Checua, and Aguazuque from Colombia, Lauricocha from Peru, and early Mexicans) that...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 1, 2016·American Journal of Human Biology : the Official Journal of the Human Biology Council·Manon Galland, Martin Friess
Feb 11, 2015·American Journal of Physical Anthropology·André StraussJoão Paulo V Atuí
Jun 11, 2015·PloS One·Lars Fehren-SchmitzWolfgang Haak
Nov 9, 2017·American Journal of Physical Anthropology·Lumila Paula Menéndez

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