Abstract
Diabetic patients show impaired brain functions, although underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Little is known as well about early diabetes-related changes in a brain tissue. To investigate them we analyzed the reaction of astroglial cells in the hippocampus of rats rendered diabetic by a single injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Astrocyte count, size and shape as well as levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and S100b protein were assessed 3, 7 and 14 days after the STZ injection using immunohistochemistry, immuno-enzyme assay and computer-assisted image analysis. The reduced GFAP-positive cell count was found on day 3 when these cells were significantly smaller and less arborized with respect to the control. This tendency reversed on day 7 when more numerous GFAP-positive cells grew in size and became more ramified. S100b-positive cell count changes followed a contrasting pattern, elevating on days 3 and 7 and dropping on day 14. The level of cytoskeletal GFAP changed in parallel with GFAP expression revealed by immunocytochemistry, while cytosolic GFAP level started to increase only 7 days after the STZ injection. At the same time S100b level experienced an elevation on day 3 reaching the peak on day 7 and decrea...Continue Reading
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