PMID: 16637144Apr 28, 2006Paper

Ecological risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments: identifying sources and ecological hazard

Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management
Jerry M NeffDonald G Gunster

Abstract

Polycyclic aromatic hyftovst ond (PAH) are nearly ubiqutous contaminants of freshwater and marine sediments. Sediment PAHs are derived from combustion of organic matter, fossil fuels, and biosynthesis by microbes. Pyrogenic PAHs, particularly those associated with combustion particles (soot), have a low accessibility and bioavailability in sediments. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons associated with petroleum, creosote, or coal tar in sediments may have a moderate accessibility/bioavailability, particularly if the PAHs are part of a nonaqueous phase liquid (NAPL) phase that is in contact with sediment pore water. We present a method for estimating the hazard of complex PAH assemblage in sediments to benthic organisms. Concentrations of all PAHs in sediment pore water are estimated by an equilibrium partitioning model relative to concentrations in bulk sediment. Predicted log Koc values can be used for predicting sediment/water partitioning of petrogenic PAH, but empirically derived log Kd values are needed to predict partitioning of pyrogenic PAH. A hazard quotient (HQ) for each PAH is calculated as the ratio of the estimated concentration in pore water to the chronic toxicity of the PAH determined by a log Kow/toxicity model. H...Continue Reading

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Nov 7, 2012·Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology·Lisa H NowellPatrick J Phillips
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