Educational Case: Tetralogy of Fallot and a Review of the Most Common Forms of Congenital Heart Disease

Academic Pathology
Madison Hayes-Lattin, Darren Salmi

Abstract

The following fictional case is intended as a learning tool within the Pathology Competencies for Medical Education (PCME), a set of national standards for teaching pathology. These are divided into three basic competencies: Disease Mechanisms and Processes, Organ System Pathology, and Diagnostic Medicine and Therapeutic Pathology. For additional information, and a full list of learning objectives for all three competencies, see http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2374289517715040.1.

References

Sep 1, 1978·The American Journal of Cardiology·E G BertranouJ W Kirklin
Mar 25, 1999·Pediatric Cardiology·H Helgason, G Jonsdottir
Mar 19, 2002·Journal of the American College of Cardiology·Harald M GabrielHelmut Baumgartner
Aug 19, 2007·Birth Defects Research. Part A, Clinical and Molecular Teratology·Mario A ClevesJames M Robbins
Aug 18, 2009·Lancet·Christian ApitzAndrew N Redington
Jul 27, 2010·Congenital Heart Disease·Elizabeth B FortescueDoff B McElhinney
Aug 18, 2010·Circulation·Paul KhairyUNKNOWN Alliance for Adult Research in Congenital Cardiology (AARCC)
Aug 25, 2010·The Annals of Thoracic Surgery·Hamad F Al HabibMarshall L Jacobs
Nov 15, 2011·Journal of the American College of Cardiology·Denise van der LindeJolien W Roos-Hesselink
Feb 16, 2013·Circulation Research·Akl C FahedChristine E Seidman
Aug 13, 2013·Cardiology Clinics·Mehra Anilkumar
Aug 18, 2017·Academic Pathology·Barbara E C Knollmann-RitschelMichael B Prystowsky
Jun 19, 2019·The American Journal of Cardiology·Qu-Ming ZhaoGuo-Ying Huang

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
X-ray

Related Concepts

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Birth Defects

Birth defects encompass structural and functional alterations that occur during embryonic or fetal development and are present since birth. The cause may be genetic, environmental or unknown and can result in physical and/or mental impairment. Here is the latest research on birth defects.

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