Effect of 24 hours of starvation on plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in subjects with untreated non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental
Mary C GannonC R Sandhofer

Abstract

Adherence to a low-calorie diet often results in a decrease in blood glucose concentration in persons with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Whether this is due to the resultant weight loss or to a decrease in caloric intake has been uncertain. We have obtained data previously that indicated a very short-term reduction in caloric intake (5 hours) resulted in a significant decrease in plasma glucose concentration in subjects with NIDDM. The purpose of the present study was to determine if a further decrease in glucose would occur if the fast was extended from 5 to 24 hours. Seven male subjects with untreated NIDDM were studied after an 11-hour overnight fast. For the subsequent 24-hour period, subjects were given only water. Blood was obtained for glucose, insulin, C-peptide, triglycerides, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) alpha-amino acid nitrogen, urea nitrogen, and glucagon at hourly intervals for 24 hours beginning at 8 AM. The amount of glycogen degraded was calculated based on the potassium balance. Plasma glucose decreased from 158 mg/dL at 8 AM to a nadir of 104 mg/dL at 7 PM. It then increased by 30 mg/dL. Corresponding changes occurred in insulin and C-peptide. Serum glucagon remained unchanged. Serum al...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 22, 2015·Obesity Surgery·Chanan MeydanHadar Spivak
Aug 12, 2016·The Medical Journal of Australia·Sofianos Andrikopoulos
Jun 18, 2002·American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism·Nacide Ercan-FangFrank Q Nuttall
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Oct 3, 2003·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·Mary C GannonHeidi Hoover
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Dec 3, 2014·Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental·Frank Q NuttallMary C Gannon
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Mar 11, 2009·The American Journal of Medicine·Henry BuchwaldIsabella Sledge

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