Effect of a single mass antibiotic distribution on the prevalence of infectious trachoma

JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association
Jaya D ChidambaramThomas M Lietman

Abstract

The World Health Organization recommends mass antibiotic distributions in its strategy to eliminate blinding trachoma as a public health concern. Some hypothesize that a single distribution is sufficient to control the ocular strains of chlamydia that cause trachoma. Others believe infection will inevitably return and periodic treatments or other measures are essential. To determine whether ocular chlamydial infection returns to the community up to 24 months after a single mass antibiotic distribution in a hyperendemic region of Ethiopia. Longitudinal cohort study conducted March 2003 to March 2005 in the Gurage Zone of Ethiopia. Eight randomly selected villages were assessed for ocular chlamydial infection. Fifteen untreated villages were randomly chosen at 12 months to allow assessment of a secular trend. A single dose of oral azithromycin was offered to all residents of the 8 selected villages who were aged 1 year or older. Prevalence of ocular chlamydial infection in all children aged 1 to 5 years from each intervention village prior to treatment and 2, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months after mass antibiotic treatment, and also in untreated villages enrolled at 12 months. Five hundred fifteen children were examined for ocular chlamy...Continue Reading

Associated Clinical Trials

Feb 2, 2006·Julius Schachter

Citations

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Nov 23, 2006·The British Journal of Ophthalmology·B ShapiroT Lietman
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