Effect of allopurinol on blood pressure of adolescents with newly diagnosed essential hypertension: a randomized trial.

JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association
Daniel I FeigRichard J Johnson

Abstract

Hyperuricemia is a predictor for the development of hypertension and is commonly present in new-onset essential hypertension. Experimentally increasing uric acid levels using a uricase inhibitor causes systemic hypertension in animal models. To determine whether lowering uric acid lowers blood pressure (BP) in hyperuricemic adolescents with newly diagnosed hypertension. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial (September 2004-March 2007) involving 30 adolescents (aged 11-17 years) who had newly diagnosed, never-treated stage 1 essential hypertension and serum uric acid levels > or = 6 mg/dL. Participants were treated at the Pediatric Hypertension Clinic at Texas Children's Hospital in Houston. Patients were excluded if they had stage 2 hypertension or known renal, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal tract, hepatic, or endocrine disease. Allopurinol, 200 mg twice daily for 4 weeks, and placebo, twice daily for 4 weeks, with a 2-week washout period between treatments. The order of the treatments was randomized. Change in casual and ambulatory blood pressure. For casual BP, the mean change in systolic BP for allopurinol was -6.9 mm Hg (95% confidence interval [CI], -4.5 to -9.3 mm Hg) vs -2.0 mm Hg (95% CI, 0.3 t...Continue Reading

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