PMID: 11328255May 1, 2001Paper

Effect of an enteric-release formulation of naloxone on intestinal transit in volunteers taking codeine

Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics
N D HawkesG A Thomas

Abstract

Constipation is a common side-effect of opioid therapy; in addition to their analgesic effect, opioids reduce intestinal secretion and motility with an increase in whole-gut transit time. Naloxone, a specific opioid antagonist, reverses these effects but may also cause symptoms of opioid withdrawal in patients on long-term therapy. To use an enteric-release formulation, designed to produce a topical effect in the gut, with minimum systemic effects. Naloxone 10 mg b.d. and codeine 30 mg b.d. were used with identical placebo capsules in four sets of studies; 12 male volunteers were given the drugs alone and in combination, with a control study involving double placebo, during each of four study periods. Whole-gut transit time was calculated and compared for each treatment period. Naloxone, both alone and with codeine, significantly shortened the mean whole-gut transit time compared with the control period, respectively, from 53.1 to 42.1 h (P=0.005) and to 40.7 h (P=0.024). Urgency to defecate was reported by two volunteers on naloxone alone and by three on combination therapy. The results show that the naloxone formulation counteracts the effect of codeine on intestinal transit, suggesting that it may have useful clinical applic...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 26, 2011·Advances in Therapy·Anne Estrup Olesen, Asbjørn Mohr Drewes
Jan 22, 2003·Peptides·Richard J Bodnar, Maria M Hadjimarkou
Aug 29, 2002·Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics·N D HawkesG A O Thomas
Sep 7, 2012·Drugs·Christina BrockAsbjørn Mohr Drewes
Oct 3, 2002·Neurogastroenterology and Motility : the Official Journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society·P U ReberU Scheurer
Sep 15, 2010·Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs·Ola GhaithAla I Sharara
Oct 2, 2008·Pain Medicine : the Official Journal of the American Academy of Pain Medicine·Ewan McNicolDaniel Carr
Jun 26, 2015·Pain Medicine : the Official Journal of the American Academy of Pain Medicine·Mark SandersKaren Simpson
Mar 24, 2004·British Journal of Pharmacology·Michael Camilleri
May 29, 2014·Journal of Critical Care·Caitlin M Gibson, Steven E Pass
Apr 22, 2008·The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews·E D McNicolD B Carr
Sep 24, 2009·British Journal of Nursing : BJN·Richard Healy
Dec 31, 2016·Pain Medicine : the Official Journal of the American Academy of Pain Medicine·Stefan Müller-LissnerBart Morlion

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