Effect of cigarette smoke exposure on the growth of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguis: an in vitro study

Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
Ali Taghavi ZonuzRamin Mostofi Zadeh Farahani

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of cigarette smoke on the growth of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguis. The standard strains of S. mutans (ATCC 25175) and S. sanguis (ATCC 10556) were cultured on blood agar and incubated for 48 hr in three main environments: atmospheric air, carbon dioxide, and cigarette smoke. Kent gold 1(nicotine: 0.1 mg, tar: 1 mg), Kent lights (nicotine: 0.8 mg, tar: 9 mg) and Bahman (nicotine: 1 mg, tar: 13 mg) were the brands used in the present study. Afterwards, digital photographs of the colonies were taken and the diameter of colonies was measured. Data were analyzed using Post Hoc and General Linear Model statistical tests. Cigarette smoke and carbon dioxide environments significantly increased the growth of S. mutans. However, high nicotine/tar content cigarette smoke (Bahman) had the greatest impact on S. mutans and S. sanguis. The mutans/sanguis ratio, which was 0.71 in atmospheric air, increased to 1.07 in the presence of carbon dioxide. Kent gold 1, Kent lights, and Bahman demonstrated a mutans/sanguis ratio of 1, 0.84, and 0.98 respectively. In conclusion, it seems that the growth of S. sanguis and S. mutans is accelerated in the vicinity of cigarette smoke.

Citations

Oct 19, 2013·International Journal of Oral Science·Ming-Yun LiRichard L Gregory
Dec 20, 2008·Tobacco Induced Diseases·Juhi BagaitkarDavid A Scott
Oct 5, 2010·American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics : Official Publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, Its Constituent Societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics·Fernanda Brasil BaboniEdvaldo Antonio Ribeiro Rosa
Jul 21, 2012·European Journal of Oral Sciences·Ruijie HuangRichard L Gregory
Apr 5, 2014·Geriatrics & Gerontology International·Rupali Agnihotri, Sumit Gaur
Jun 11, 2015·Anais Da Academia Brasileira De Ciências·Jinqiang HuChunping Xu
Sep 26, 2019·Journal of Oral Microbiology·Nasreen F El-Ezmerli, Richard L Gregory
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