Effect of cocaine, 95% oxygen and ellagic acid on the development and antioxidant status of cultured rat embryos

Toxicology Letters
A A BohnA A Frank

Abstract

Prenatal exposure to cocaine has been associated with adverse developmental effects and current data suggest cocaine induced malformations are caused by ischemic-reperfusion injury. This study was undertaken to assess a new in vitro model which uses a routine rat whole embryo culture system that incorporates a change in oxygen status, and to examine the effects of altered oxygen status and pretreatment with ellagic acid (EA), an anti-oxidant, after cocaine exposure. Embryos were evaluated by determining a developmental score and by measuring tissue reduced glutathione (GSH) levels. Following re-oxygenation with 95% O2 for the last 6 h of culture, embryos treated with cocaine had reduced developmental scores and GSH levels. Embryos treated with cocaine and not re-oxygenated with 95% O2 did not have reduced developmental scores. EA blocked the effects of cocaine on developmental score and GSH level. These data support ischemia-reperfusion injury as the mechanism of cocaine developmental toxicity.

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Citations

Jan 27, 2004·Brain Research. Developmental Brain Research·Jack W LiptonSusan O McGuire
Feb 13, 2001·Free Radical Biology & Medicine·L Venturini, S B Sparber
Apr 12, 2002·Neurotoxicology and Teratology·Jack W LiptonPaul M Carvey
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May 10, 2020·Science·Stephanie C Ganal-VonarburgAndrew J Macpherson
Sep 30, 2021·Journal of Applied Oral Science : Revista FOB·Figen Öngöz DedeMeryem Akpolat Ferah

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