Effect of cyclophosphamide and 61.22 GHz millimeter waves on T-cell, B-cell, and macrophage functions

Bioelectromagnetics
Vera MakarM C Ziskin

Abstract

The present study was undertaken to investigate whether millimeter waves (MMWs) at 61.22 GHz can modulate the effect of cyclophosphamide (CPA), an anti-cancer drug, on the immune functions of mice. During the exposure each mouse's nose was placed in front of the center of the antenna aperture (1.5 x 1.5 cm) of MMW generator. The device produced 61.22 +/- 0.2 GHz wave radiation. Spatial peak Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) at the skin surface and spatial peak incident power density were measured as 885 +/- 100 W/kg and 31 +/- 5 mW/cm(2), respectively. Duration of the exposure was 30 min each day for 3 consecutive days. The maximum temperature elevation at the tip of the nose, measured at the end of 30 min, was 1 degrees C. CPA injection (100 mg/kg) was given intraperitoneally on the second day of exposure to MMWs. The animals were sacrificed 2, 5, and 7 days after CPA administration. MMW exposure caused upregulation in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production in peritoneal macrophages suppressed by CPA administration. MMWs also caused a significant increase in interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production by splenocytes and enhanced proliferative activity of T-cells. Conversely, no changes were observed in interleukin-10 (IL-...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 9, 2011·Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology·Mahendra K LoganiMarvin C Ziskin
Sep 12, 2009·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Daniel Brown
Aug 5, 2010·Bioelectromagnetics·Roza K SypniewskaFrank A Witzmann
Apr 17, 2018·International Journal of Radiation Biology·Alberto López-FurelosElena López-Martín
Sep 22, 2019·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Myrtill Simkó, Mats-Olof Mattsson
Nov 30, 2021·Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine·Mahsa MansourianZuhair Mohammad Hassan

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