Effect of dexmedetomidine on cerebral blood flow velocity, cerebral metabolic rate, and carbon dioxide response in normal humans

Anesthesiology
J C DrummondPiyush M Patel

Abstract

Dexmedetomidine reduces cerebral blood flow (CBF) in humans and animals. In animal investigations, cerebral metabolic rate (CMR) was unchanged. Therefore, the authors hypothesized that dexmedetomidine would cause a decrease in the CBF/CMR ratio with even further reduction by superimposed hyperventilation. This reduction might be deleterious in patients with neurologic injuries. Middle cerebral artery velocity (CBFV) was recorded continuously in six volunteers. CBFV, jugular bulb venous saturation (Sjvo2), CMR equivalent (CMRe), and CBFV/CMRe ratio were determined at six intervals before, during, and after administration of dexmedetomidine: (1) presedation; (2) presedation with hyperventilation; at steady state plasma levels of (3) 0.6 ng/ml and (4) 1.2 ng/ml; (5) 1.2 ng/ml with hyperventilation; and (6) 30 min after discontinuing dexmedetomidine. The slope of the arterial carbon dioxide tension (Paco2)-CBFV relation was determined presedation and at 1.2 ng/ml. CBFV and CMRe decreased in a dose-related manner. The CBFV/CMRe ratio was unchanged. The CBFV response to carbon dioxide decreased from 1.20 +/- 0.2 cm.s.mm Hg presedation to 0.40 +/- 0.15 cm.s.mm Hg at 1.2 ng/ml. Sjvo2 was statistically unchanged during hyperventilation ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 18, 2009·Journal of Anesthesia·Takaaki Nakano, Hirotsugu Okamoto
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