Effect of exogenous and endogenous nitric oxide on the airway and tissue components of lung resistance in the newborn piglet

Pediatric Research
C F PotterR J Martin

Abstract

Despite widespread reports of the vasodilatory actions of nitric oxide (NO), little is known of the relaxant effect of NO on newborn airways or lung parenchymal structures. We studied the effects of inhaled NO at 20, 40, and 80 ppm on lung (Rl), tissue (Rti), and airway (R(aw)) resistance in 13 2-5-d-old anesthetized, ventilated, open-chested piglets. Rl was measured from transpulmonary pressure and air flow. Rti was measured by alveolar capsules, and R(aw) was calculated as the difference between Rl and Rti. Any given concentration of inhaled NO (20, 40, or 80 ppm) significantly decreased Rl (p < 0.001), Rti (p < 0.001), and R(aw) (p < 0.05). In addition, blockade of endogenous NO with 30 mg/kg N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) given i.v. in 12 piglets significantly increased Rti and Rl with variable changes in R(aw), and caused a decrease in dynamic compliance. Readministration of NO to eight piglets induced a significant decreased in Rl and Rti at 20 and 80 ppm, whereas R(aw) significantly decreased only at 80 ppm. Pulmonary arterial pressure decreased after exposure to inhaled NO and increased after L-NAME administration. Systemic arterial pressure was unaffected by inhaled NO but increased after L-NAME adminis...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 26, 2004·Paediatric Respiratory Reviews·Richard J Martin, Michele C Walsh
Dec 4, 2003·The New England Journal of Medicine·Richard J Martin
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Jul 25, 2006·Seminars in Perinatology·Rajiv Baveja, Helen Christou
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Apr 6, 2004·American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology·Jen-Ruey TangSteven H Abman
Jul 23, 2002·Journal of Applied Physiology·Mohammad Y KhassawnehRichard J Martin

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