Effect of fructose on body weight in controlled feeding trials: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Annals of Internal Medicine
John L SievenpiperDavid J A Jenkins

Abstract

The contribution of fructose consumption in Western diets to overweight and obesity in populations remains uncertain. To review the effects of fructose on body weight in controlled feeding trials. MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library (through 18 November 2011). At least 3 reviewers identified controlled feeding trials lasting 7 or more days that compared the effect on body weight of free fructose and nonfructose carbohydrate in diets providing similar calories (isocaloric trials) or of diets supplemented with free fructose to provide excess energy and usual or control diets (hypercaloric trials). Trials evaluating high-fructose corn syrup (42% to 55% free fructose) were excluded. The reviewers independently reviewed and extracted relevant data; disagreements were reconciled by consensus. The Heyland Methodological Quality Score was used to assess study quality. Thirty-one isocaloric trials (637 participants) and 10 hypercaloric trials (119 participants) were included; studies tended to be small (<15 participants), short (<12 weeks), and of low quality. Fructose had no overall effect on body weight in isocaloric trials (mean difference, -0.14 kg [95% CI, -0.37 to 0.10 kg] for fructose compared with nonfructose carbo...Continue Reading

Citations

Feb 26, 2013·The British Journal of Nutrition·Marianne A YonLucy C Pickavance
Feb 14, 2013·European Journal of Clinical Nutrition·T M S Wolever
Jun 5, 2013·Nature Reviews. Endocrinology·Michael I GoranBruce Blumberg
May 24, 2012·Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care·Luc Tappy, Bettina Mittendorfer
Dec 29, 2013·Current Opinion in Lipidology·John L SievenpiperArash Mirrahimi
Oct 4, 2012·Nutrition & Metabolism·Sam Z Sun, Mark W Empie
Mar 16, 2013·Advances in Nutrition·Robert H Lustig
Mar 16, 2013·Advances in Nutrition·David M Klurfeld
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Jun 14, 2013·Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism·Zeid Khitan, Dong Hyun Kim
Mar 29, 2014·Nutrition Journal·Laura ChiavaroliJohn L Sievenpiper
Feb 4, 2014·Public Health Nutrition·Nerea Martin-CalvoUNKNOWN GENOI Members
Dec 17, 2014·Nutrients·J Bernadette MooreBarbara A Fielding
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Jun 25, 2014·Economics and Human Biology·Daniel Riera-Crichton, Nathan Tefft
Jan 8, 2015·Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition·Laura ChiavaroliJohn L Sievenpiper

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