Effect of general anesthetics on the developing brain.

Journal of Anaesthesiology, Clinical Pharmacology
S Velayudha Reddy

Abstract

Studies on rodents and subhuman primates suggest that prolonged exposure to general anesthetics may induce widespread neuronal cell death and neurological sequelae; seriously questioning the safety of pediatric anesthesia. This review presents recent developments in this rapidly emerging field. There is mounting and convincing preclinical evidence in rodents and nonhuman primates that anesthetics in common clinical use are neurotoxic to the developing brain in vitro and cause long-term neurobehavioral abnormalities in vivo. Prior to the publication of animal data and after the publication of animal data, there are several human cohort studies that demonstrate the association of poor neurodevelopmental outcome in neonates, who underwent major surgery during their neonatal period. This review summarizes our present understanding of some of the key components responsible for anesthesia-induced neuroapoptosis and offers some of neuroprotective strategies that could be beneficial as adjunct therapy in preventing anesthesia-induced death of developing neurons in the neonates. A randomized literature search was carried out using search words apoptosis, general anesthetics, and developing brain from 1979 to 2011 for effects of general ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 15, 2013·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Patrick L PurdonEmery N Brown
Jan 13, 2015·Molecular Neurobiology·Jing HuangXiaotang Fan
Jan 20, 2016·Cell Biochemistry and Function·Rong MaZhengnian Ding
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May 29, 2015·Indian Journal of Anaesthesia·Sukhminder Jit Singh BajwaHemant Gupta
Dec 19, 2017·Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience·Rui XiaoXiaotang Fan
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Feb 29, 2020·Current Neuropharmacology·Xuechao HaoCheng Zhou
Jul 2, 2021·International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience·Jingxiong ZhangJie Zhang

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
cesarean section

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Apoptosis

Apoptosis is a specific process that leads to programmed cell death through the activation of an evolutionary conserved intracellular pathway leading to pathognomic cellular changes distinct from cellular necrosis

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