Effect of HIV protease inhibitors on New World Leishmania

Parasitology International
Izabel G DemarchiMaria V C Lonardoni

Abstract

The incidence of HIV/Leishmania co-infection decreases after antiretroviral drug therapy; therefore, the in vitro and in vivo activity of three antiretroviral drugs against Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis and L. (L.) amazonensis was evaluated. Different concentrations of indinavir (IDV), atazanavir (ATV), and ritonavir (RTV) were added to promastigote cultures, and the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) was determined. IDV and RTV were also evaluated against intracellular amastigotes, and the Infection Index determined. BALB/c mice, infected with L. (L.) amazonensis in the left footpad, were treated orally with IDV and RTV for 30 days, and monitored by measuring the footpad thickness and parasite load of regional lymph nodes and spleen. For promastigotes, IDV exhibited an IC50 value of 100 μM against L.(L.) amazonensis. The RTV IC50 for L. (L.) amazonensis and L. (V.) braziliensis were 40 and 2.3 μM, respectively, and the ATV IC50 for L. (V.) braziliensis was 266 μM. For intracellular amastigotes, IDV (25, 50, and 100 μM) significantly decreased the Infection Index of L. (L.) amazonensis (56.8%, 47.9%, and 65.0%) and L. (V.) braziliensis (37.8%, 48.7%, and 43.2%). RTV (12.5, 25, and 50 μM) decreased the infection index of L....Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 23, 2013·The Lancet Infectious Diseases·Johan van GriensvenAsrat Hailu
Dec 18, 2014·International Journal for Parasitology. Drugs and Drug Resistance·Mariela Ferreira de VasconcelosEduardo Caio Torres-Santos
Jun 28, 2015·Experimental Parasitology·Izabel Galhardo DemarchiMaria Valdrinez Campana Lonardoni
Dec 30, 2014·International Immunopharmacology·Érica Alessandra Rocha AlvesMaria Imaculada Muniz-Junqueira
Jun 3, 2016·Parasitology Research·Sonya CostaMaria do Céu Sousa
Nov 26, 2015·Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz·Bruna Muller CardosoMaria Valdrinez Campana Lonardoni
May 29, 2020·Biomédica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud·Iman Fathy Abou-El-NagaNermine Mogahed Fawzy Hussien Mogahed
May 7, 2015·Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz·Sergio Sifontes-RodríguezMiguel Ángel Cabrera-Pérez

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