Effect of household water treatment with chlorine on diarrhea among children under the age of five years in rural areas of Dire Dawa, eastern Ethiopia: a cluster randomized controlled trial

Infectious Diseases of Poverty
Ephrem Tefera SolomonBezatu Mengistie

Abstract

Diarrheal disease is a leading cause of child mortality and morbidity worldwide. Household water treatment with chlorine significantly reduces morbidity due to waterborne diseases. However, the effect of point-of-use (POU) water treatment in improving the quality of water in areas where POU is not provided free of charge and the effectiveness of home visits in inspiring household members to use POU regularly have not been studied. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of drinking water disinfection by chlorination on diarrheal disease reduction among children under the age of 5 years in rural eastern Ethiopia. A cluster randomized controlled trial was carried out in rural Dire Dawa from October 2018 through January 2019. The 405 households were randomized to intervention and control arms and intervention materials were distributed after conducting a baseline survey. This trial evaluated the effectiveness of household drinking water disinfection by chlorination in reducing incidence of diarrhea among children under the age of 5 years. Intervention households received 1.2% sodium hypochlorite with demonstration of its proper use. Participants in the control households continued with their usual habits of w...Continue Reading

References

Jun 1, 1994·International Journal of Epidemiology·S S MorrisB R Kirkwood
May 26, 1999·International Journal of Epidemiology·R J Hayes, S Bennett
Feb 13, 2001·BMJ : British Medical Journal·D J Torgerson
Aug 31, 2002·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·Robert E QuickEric Mintz
Feb 19, 2005·American Journal of Epidemiology·John M ColfordDeborah A Levy
Feb 28, 2006·Bulletin of the World Health Organization·Tom M ChillerStephen P Luby
Mar 24, 2006·Tropical Medicine & International Health : TM & IH·Stephen P LubyRobert M Hoekstra
Sep 28, 2006·Tropical Medicine & International Health : TM & IH·Shannon Doocy, Gilbert Burnham
Mar 14, 2007·BMJ : British Medical Journal·Thomas ClasenSandy Cairncross
Apr 14, 2007·BMJ : British Medical Journal·Stephen P Luby
Jan 13, 2010·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·Seema JainRobert E Quick
Jan 24, 2012·International Journal of Epidemiology·Wolf-Peter SchmidtSandy Cairncross
Sep 19, 2012·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·Eric HarshfieldClair Null
May 2, 2014·Tropical Medicine & International Health : TM & IH·Annette Prüss-UstünSandy Cairncross
Sep 26, 2015·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Seungman ChaChunghyeon Oh

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations


❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
membrane filtration

Software Mentioned

EpiData

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.