Effect of inflammation and benign prostatic hyperplasia on elevated serum prostate specific antigen levels

The Journal of Urology
R B NadlerT L Ratliff

Abstract

We quantify the causes of elevated serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) concentrations in men whose prostate biopsies repeatedly showed no cancer. The effects of prostate volume, inflammation, echogenicity on ultrasound and calculi were examined in a large PSA-based screening population of 148 men with serum PSA concentrations greater than 4.0 ng./ml., findings suspicious for cancer on digital rectal examination and multiple negative biopsies. These men were selected and compared to 64 men with suspicious rectal examinations, multiple negative biopsies and serum PSA concentrations of 4.0 ng./ml. or less. The high PSA group had larger prostates (68 versus 33 cc, p = 0.0001) and significantly more subclinical prostatic inflammation. Acute and chronic inflammation was more prevalent in the high PSA group (63% versus 27%, p = 0.0001 and 99% versus 77%, p = 0.0001, respectively). A simultaneous regression analysis showed that prostatic size accounted for 23%, inflammation 7%, prostatic calculi 3% and nonisoechoic ultrasound lesions 1% of the serum PSA variance. Prostate volume and inflammation are the most important factors contributing to serum PSA elevation in men without clinically detectable prostate cancer.

References

Jun 1, 1979·The Journal of Urology·P W Kohnen, G W Drach
Apr 25, 1991·The New England Journal of Medicine·W J CatalonaG L Andriole
May 1, 1991·The Journal of Urology·M K Terris, T A Stamey
Oct 8, 1987·The New England Journal of Medicine·T A StameyE Redwine
Oct 1, 1989·The Journal of Urology·M A HudsonW J Catalona
May 1, 1987·Clinical Radiology·G J GriffithsK T Evans
Mar 1, 1968·American Journal of Clinical Pathology·J E McNeal
Oct 1, 1966·The Journal of Urology·J D Schmidt, M C Patterson

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Sep 17, 2009·Inflammation Research : Official Journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et Al.]·Marco DellabellaGiovanni Muzzonigro
Jul 29, 2003·Current Urology Reports·Caroline Maake, Hubert John
Jun 28, 2005·Current Urology Reports·Puneet Sindhwani, Christopher M Wilson
Apr 18, 2009·Current Urology Reports·Martha K Terris
Apr 27, 2011·Current Urology Reports·Bilal ChughtaiSteven Kaplan
Jun 5, 2013·Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology·Mohan Adhyam, Anish Kumar Gupta
Nov 28, 2013·Progrès en urologie : journal de l'Association française d'urologie et de la Société française d'urologie·F Bruyère, M Amine Lakmichi
Dec 20, 1999·Seminars in Roentgenology·S R Potter, A W Partin
Jul 3, 2003·Urology·Kazuto ItoHidetoshi Yamanaka
May 1, 1997·The Urologic Clinics of North America·C G ArcangeliG L Andriole
Apr 9, 2001·Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology·W MahapokaiF J van Sluijs
Jul 25, 2003·The New England Journal of Medicine·Rinaa S PungliaKaren M Kuntz
May 30, 1998·Journal of the National Cancer Institute·J A EasthamO Sartor
Oct 25, 2008·Annual Review of Medicine·Danil V MakarovAlan W Partin
Aug 25, 2004·American Journal of Clinical Pathology·Zhong JiangXiming J Yang
Jan 18, 2005·Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine : CCLM·Yilmaz AksoyFatih Akçay
Feb 6, 2014·Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology. Medical Sciences = Hua Zhong Ke Ji Da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ying De Wen Ban = Huazhong Keji Daxue Xuebao. Yixue Yingdewen Ban·Ming-Ji JinZhong-Gao Gao
Oct 22, 2005·Clinical & Translational Oncology : Official Publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico·Isabel Ruiz-MartínJuan J Cruz-Hernández
Jan 31, 2014·Cancer Metastasis Reviews·Adriana AmaroUlrich Pfeffer

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.