Effect of inhaled glucocorticoid treatment on placental 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 activity and neonatal birthweight in pregnancies complicated by asthma

The Australian & New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
Vicki L CliftonVanessa E Murphy

Abstract

Asthma is a common disease affecting 12% of Australian women with 55% of women experiencing at least one exacerbation during pregnancy. Exacerbations during pregnancy are associated with low birthweight neonates and stillbirth. One of the main reasons for maternal exacerbations during pregnancy is non-compliance with inhaled glucocorticoid treatment due to the misconception that inhaled glucocorticoids are harmful to the fetus. We have therefore assessed whether the commonly used inhaled glucocorticoids reduce placental glucocorticoid metabolising capacity, by measuring 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11beta-HSD-2) activity. As these treatments potentially increase the exposure of the fetus to the growth-inhibiting effects of glucocorticoids, we also examined the question of whether inhaled glucocorticoid use was associated with reduced birthweight. Pregnant women using budesonide (n = 18), fluticasone propionate alone (n = 14) and fluticasone propionate in combination with the long-acting beta2 agonist salmeterol (n = 9) were compared to a non-asthmatic control group (n = 20). The use of inhaled budesonide was associated with significantly increased placental 11beta-HSD-2 activity relative to the control group. Inh...Continue Reading

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