Abstract
Reduction of cAMP has been implicated in the protection of ischemic preconditioning (IP), but until now, this possibility has not been directly addressed. In this study, we found that in the in vivo rabbit heart 10 to 30 minutes of sustained regional ischemia was accompanied by a nearly twofold rise in cAMP levels. This increase in cAMP was attenuated when sustained ischemia was preceded by IP induced with a single cycle of transient ischemia and reperfusion (TI/R) and prevented when ischemia was preceded by three cycles of TI/R. The mechanism of cAMP reduction by IP does not involve activation of protein kinase C (PKC), since the PKC inhibitor polymyxin B (24 mg/kg) did not raise cAMP levels during sustained ischemia in IP hearts. Furthermore, this effect is also not mediated by reduced responsiveness of the beta-adrenergic effector pathway, since both nonischemic hearts and hearts subjected to three cycles of TI/R exhibited similar increases in cAMP in response to 5 micrograms/kg isoproterenol. However, propranolol (0.75 mg/kg) abolished the rise in cAMP levels observed during sustained ischemia in control hearts but did not reduce cAMP levels further in IP hearts. These data indicate that the ischemia-induced rise in cAMP le...Continue Reading
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