Effect of lysine to arginine mutagenesis in the V3 loop of HIV-1 gp120 on viral entry efficiency and neutralization

PloS One
Birco Schwalbe, Michael Schreiber

Abstract

HIV-1 infection is characterized by an ongoing replication leading to T-lymphocyte decline which is paralleled by the switch from CCR5 to CXCR4 coreceptor usage. To predict coreceptor usage, several computer algorithms using gp120 V3 loop sequence data have been developed. In these algorithms an occupation of the V3 positions 11 and 25, by one of the amino acids lysine (K) or arginine (R), is an indicator for CXCR4 usage. Amino acids R and K dominate at these two positions, but can also be identified at positions 9 and 10. Generally, CXCR4-viruses possess V3 sequences, with an overall positive charge higher than the V3 sequences of R5-viruses. The net charge is calculated by subtracting the number of negatively charged amino acids (D, aspartic acid and E, glutamic acid) from the number of positively charged ones (K and R). In contrast to D and E, which are very similar in their polar and acidic properties, the characteristics of the R guanidinium group differ significantly from the K ammonium group. However, in coreceptor predictive computer algorithms R and K are both equally rated. The study was conducted to analyze differences in infectivity and coreceptor usage because of R-to-K mutations at the V3 positions 9, 10 and 11. V...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Feb 18, 2016·Scientific Reports·Hui-Shuang ShenXian-Ming Pan
May 13, 2017·AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses·Sayamon HongjaiseeTanawan Samleerat
Apr 13, 2017·AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses·Manickam AshokkumarLuke Elizabeth Hanna
Nov 7, 2016·Archives of Virology·Xue-Mei WeiHai-Zhou Zhou

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
fluorescence microscopy
FCS
dot blot
amino
glycosylation

Software Mentioned

PSSM
HIVcoPred
WebPSSM
HcP
geno2pheno
G2P
PSSM SINI

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