PMID: 8610542Oct 1, 1995Paper

Effect of megazol on Trypanosoma brucei brucei acute and subacute infections in Swiss mice

Acta Tropica
Bernard BouteilleM Dumas

Abstract

Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) or sleeping sickness is a major public health problem in 36 sub-Saharan African countries and is caused by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense and T. b. rhodesiense. About 25,000 new cases of the disease are reported annually, and around 50 million people are classed as at risk of contracting the disease. Until now; the only effective drug available for treatment of advanced HAT was the trypanocide melarsoprol. The mortality rate of melarsoprol treated patients is 1-5%. Megazol is a nitroimidazole derivative shown to be effective in vitro against T. b. brucei with an EC50 of 0.01 micrograms.ml-1. When this compound was tested for its in vivo activity in T. b. brucei infected Swiss mice, it was shown to cure the acute disease. However, megazol alone did not cause cure of mice carrying a subacute infection with involvement of the central nervous system (CNS). Combined suramin and megazol treatment did prove effective and the mice were shown to have remission without further relapse from the CNS. The study of three megazol derivatives is also described here. Substitution of a bromine, methyl or trifluoromethyl moiety at the 4 position of the imidazole ring abolished trypanocidal activity both in vivo a...Continue Reading

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Citations

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African trypanosomiasis, also known as sleeping sickness, is an insect-borne parasitic disease of humans and other animals. It is caused by protozoa of the species Trypanosoma brucei and almost invariably progresses to death unless treated. Discover the latest research on African trypanosomiasis here.