Effect of metformin on myotube BCAA catabolism.

Journal of Cellular Biochemistry
Madison E RiveraRoger A Vaughan

Abstract

Metformin has antihyperglycemic properties and is a commonly prescribed drug for type II diabetes mellitus. Metformin functions in part by activating 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase, reducing hepatic gluconeogenesis and blood glucose. Metformin also upregulates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α). Several population studies have shown levels of circulating branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) positively correlate with insulin resistance. Because BCAA catabolic enzyme content is regulated by PGC-1α, we hypothesized metformin may alter BCAA catabolism. Therefore, the purpose of this work was to investigate the effect of metformin at varying concentrations on myotube metabolism and related gene and protein expression. C2C12 myotubes were treated with metformin at 30 uM (physiological) or 2 mM (supraphysiological) for up to 24 hours. Metabolic gene expression was measured via quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction, protein expression was measured using Western blot, and mitochondrial and glycolytic metabolism were measured via oxygen consumption and extracellular acidification rate, respectively. Supraphysiological metformin upregulated PGC-1α mRNA expression along with related downstream...Continue Reading

References

Nov 5, 2002·Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics·Rumi KobayashiRobert A Harris
Jun 3, 2004·The Journal of Nutrition·Yoshiharu ShimomuraRobert A Harris
Dec 21, 2005·The Journal of Nutrition·Yoshiharu ShimomuraRobert A Harris
Oct 12, 2010·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·Richard C Scarpulla
Mar 13, 2012·Cell Metabolism·Darwin JeyarajMukesh K Jain
Jun 23, 2012·Pharmacogenetics and Genomics·Li GongTeri E Klein
Mar 21, 2013·American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism·Denise E LackeySean H Adams
Jan 17, 2014·British Journal of Pharmacology·Sanna-Mari AatsinkiJukka Hakkola
Mar 19, 2014·PloS One·Yukino HatazawaShinji Miura
Oct 8, 2014·Nature Reviews. Endocrinology·Christopher J Lynch, Sean H Adams
Feb 5, 2015·Cell Metabolism·Ling He, Fredric E Wondisford
Jun 9, 2017·Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine·Jason LangJoel Hampton
Dec 5, 2017·Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry·Jamie K SchnuckRoger A Vaughan
Dec 31, 2017·Pharmacological Research : the Official Journal of the Italian Pharmacological Society·Liyan FanMukesh K Jain
Oct 16, 2018·Journal of Cellular Biochemistry·Mai M HasanEman M A Abdelghany

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jul 19, 2020·Disease Models & Mechanisms·Hui-Ying TsaiChun-Hong Chen
Nov 26, 2020·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Jonathan J Petrocelli, Micah J Drummond
Aug 3, 2021·Frontiers in Pharmacology·Lina A DahabiyehAnas M Abdel Rahman
Aug 7, 2021·Frontiers in Physiology·Gagandeep MannOlasunkanmi A J Adegoke
Aug 21, 2021·FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·Jonathan J PetrocelliMicah J Drummond
Nov 3, 2021·Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle·Min Ju KangHyeon Soo Kim

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.