Effect of nonmotorized wheel running on mammary carcinogenesis: circulating biomarkers, cellular processes, and molecular mechanisms in rats.

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention : a Publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, Cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology
Zongjian ZhuHenry J Thompson

Abstract

The objective of this experiment was to identify circulating growth factors, hormones, and cellular and molecular mechanisms that account for the effects of physical activity on mammary carcinogenesis. A total of 120 female Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with 1-methyl-1-nitrosourea (50 mg/kg) and 7 days thereafter were randomized to either a physically active or a sedentary control group. Individually housed rats were given free access to a nonmotorized, computer-controlled activity wheel and running behavior was reinforced by food reward. Rats self-determined their daily intensity and duration of running. Sedentary control rats received the same amount of food as the physically active rats to which they were paired. Physical activity reduced mammary cancer incidence (P = 0.015) and cancer multiplicity (P = 0.01). Physical activity induced changes in plasma insulin, insulin-like growth factor-I, and corticosterone, suggesting that mechanisms regulating glucose homeostasis were affected. Western blot analyses of mammary carcinomas revealed that proteins involved in cell proliferation were reduced (P < 0.001) and those involved in apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway were elevated (P < 0.001) by physical activity. The hypot...Continue Reading

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