Effect of norepinephrine treatment on Haemonchus contortus and its excretory products

Parasitology Research
Jinglong ChenXiaojing Yang

Abstract

Haemonchus contortus is a highly pathogenic gastrointestinal nematode of small ruminant animals. In modern intensive farming, livestock often suffer from different types of stress. However, whether host stress hormones influence H. contortus infection is largely unknown. Therefore, we treated H. contortus with norepinephrine (NE) and analyzed the changes in its excretory/secretory products (ESPs). Label-free quantitative proteomic analysis was used to identify differences in body proteins and ESPs between the control and NE-treated groups. We also investigated the changes in ESP action by analyzing cytokine secretion and goat peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proliferation after incubation with ESPs secreted by NE-treated H. contortus. Thirty-two proteins in the body samples and 137 in the ESPs were differentially expressed between the groups. Gene ontology (GO) annotation showed that the functions of these different proteins might be involved in energy metabolism, protein metabolism, lipid metabolism, redox homeostasis, ion channel, and cell structure. NE treatment caused oxidative stress in H. contortus and changed the expression levels of some immunogenic proteins, such as the 15-kDa ESP. Meanwhile, the ESPs secreted ...Continue Reading

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
Protein Assay
electrophoresis
PCR
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
ELISA

Software Mentioned

BLAST
MaxQuant
Statistical Program for Social Sciences ( SPSS )
Blast2GO
Sequest HT
Primer Premier
Proteome Discoverer

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