PMID: 16629467Apr 25, 2006Paper

Effect of p-nitrophenyl-xyloside on the biosynthesis of proteoglycan in rat ovarian granulosa cells--analyses of glycosaminoglycan synthesis in the Golgi apparatus

Kōkūbyō Gakkai zasshi. The Journal of the Stomatological Society, Japan
M YanagishitaKatarzyna Anna Inoue

Abstract

Biosynthesis of proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans in the presence of p-nitrophenyl-xyloside was studied using a primary rat ovarian granulosa cell culture system. Addition of p-nitrophenyl-xyloside into cell culture medium caused about a 700% increase of [35S]sulfate incorporation (ED50 at 0.03 mM) into macromolecules, which included free chondroitin sulfate chains initiated on xyloside and native proteoglycans. Free chondroitin sulfate chains initiated on xyloside were almost exclusively secreted into the medium. The molecular size of chondroitin sulfate chains decreased from 40,000 to 21,000 as the total [35S]sulfate incorporation was enhanced, suggesting that enhanced synthesis of chondroitin sulfate perturbed the normal mechanism of glycosaminoglycan chain termination. Biosynthesis of heparan sulfate proteoglycans was reduced by approximately 50%, likely due to competition at the level of UDP-sugar precursors. [35S]Sulfate incorporation was shut down by the addition of cycloheximide with an initial half time of approximately 2 hr in the presence of xyloside, while that in the absence of xyloside was about 20 min. The difference likely reflects the turnover rate of glycosaminoglycan synthesizing capacity as a whole. The t...Continue Reading

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.