Effect of sympathectomy on isoproterenol-induced expression of the cysteine proteinase inhibitor gene, cystatin S, in rat submandibular glands
Abstract
The autonomic nervous system regulates the secretory function of salivary glands. The volume, rate of secretion and composition of saliva are regulated by both sympathetic (alpha 1-, alpha 2 and beta 1-adrenergic) and parasympathetic (muscarinic and cholinergic) receptor systems. The rat cystatin S gene, a member of family 2 of the cysteine proteinase inhibitor superfamily, has a very defined pattern of expression during the postnatal development of the rat submandibular gland. Its expression is not detected in the fetus or in rats up to three weeks of age. After this time, the amount of cystatin S mRNA increases, reaching a conspicuously high concentration at 28 days, and then it declines to a barely detectable level at 32 days of age; cystatin S mRNA is not detectable in the glands of adult animals. However, the beta-adrenoreceptor agonist isoproterenol (IPR) induces high concentrations of cystatin S mRNA in the submandibular gland in vivo. This paper reports experiments analysing the participation of the sympathetic nervous system in the IPR-induced expression of the cystatin S gene. Sympathetic denervation (unilateral and bilateral) by removing the superior cervical ganglion 14 days before a single injection of IPR reduced ...Continue Reading
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