Effect of temperature on acid-base equilibria in separation techniques. A review

Analytica Chimica Acta
Leonardo G GagliardiCecilia B Castells

Abstract

Studies on the theoretical principles of acid-base equilibria are reviewed and the influence of temperature on secondary chemical equilibria within the context of separation techniques, in water and also in aqueous-organic solvent mixtures, is discussed. In order to define the relationships between the retention in liquid chromatography or the migration velocity in capillary electrophoresis and temperature, the main properties of acid-base equilibria have to be taken into account for both, the analytes and the conjugate pairs chosen to control the solution pH. The focus of this review is based on liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), liquid chromatography (LC) and capillary electrophoresis (CE), with emphasis on the use of temperature as a useful variable to modify selectivity on a predictable basis. Simplified models were evaluated to achieve practical optimizations involving pH and temperature (in LLE and CE) as well as solvent composition in reversed-phase LC.

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Citations

Dec 15, 2016·Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry·Jaanus LiigandAnneli Kruve
Nov 30, 2016·Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences·Teddy J ZbacnikMark Cornell Manning
Apr 7, 2018·Chirality·Rasha M HassanHassan Y Aboul-Enein

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