PMID: 2498641Feb 21, 1989Paper

Effect of tetranitromethane on the biological activities of botulinum neurotoxin types A, B and E

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
M Woody, B R DasGupta

Abstract

Botulinum neurotoxin serotypes A, B and E were modified at pH 7.9 with tetranitromethane, a reagent highly specific for tyrosine residues. The type B and E neurotoxins were completely detoxified without significant damage to their serological activities. Under similar modification conditions, the type A neurotoxin was incompletely detoxified with some alteration in its serological reactivity. Modification of only tyrosine residues to nitrotyrosine was evident from amino acid analysis of the acid hydrolysates of the modified proteins. The completely detoxified type B and E neurotoxins, used as toxoid, elicited antibodies in rabbits. The antisera precipitated and neutralized the homologous neurotoxin. The two toxoids, type B and E, were prepared with greater than 99% pure neurotoxins as tested by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis whereas the traditional toxoids produced with formaldehyde are very crude preparations of the neurotoxin (approximately 90% impure). Chemical modification using tetranitromethane is more specific than products that form during approximately 7 days of reaction between a protein and formaldehyde. The toxoids produced with tetranitromethane may be considered second-generation toxoids...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Jan 1, 1989·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·M A WoodyB R DasGupta
Oct 23, 1998·Nature Structural Biology·D B LacyR C Stevens
Mar 21, 2007·Shokuhin eiseigaku zasshi. Journal of the Food Hygienic Society of Japan·Yoshiaki KasaiTateo Fujii
Jun 24, 2008·Journal of Immunological Methods·Russell G A JonesDorothea Sesardic

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