Abstract
Fat metabolism is increasingly implicated in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Endurance training has been shown to prevent hepatic steatosis and to alter skeletal muscle fat metabolism, and regional free fatty acid (FFA) uptake adaptations were suggested as a mechanism. Thus, we tested whether endurance training modifies the uptake of plasma FFAs occurring in the liver and in skeletal muscle during anabolic, i.e., hyperinsulinemic, conditions. Trained and untrained healthy male subjects underwent positron emission tomography scanning of the liver and thigh regions, with the FFA analog 14(R,S)-[(18)F]fluoro-6-thia-heptadecanoic acid, during euglycemic hyperinsulinemia. Tracer influx rate constants in skeletal muscle (MK(i)) and liver (LK(i)) were multiplied by plasma FFA levels to obtain FFA uptake for skeletal muscle (MFU) and liver (LFU), respectively. Athletes showed increased Vo(2max) (P < 0.0001), insulin-mediated glucose disposal (M value, 61 +/- 4 vs. 46 +/- 3 micromol. min(-1). kg(-1), P = 0.01), and plasma lactate levels during the clamp and lower percentage of body fat mass (P = 0.002). MK(i) was 25% higher in athletes than in sedentary men (P = 0.03). In all subjects, MK(i) and MFU were positively correlated with ...Continue Reading
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