PMID: 8947079Nov 1, 1996Paper

Effect of upper airway cooling and CO2 on diaphragm and geniohyoid muscle activity in the rat

The European Respiratory Journal
K D O'HalloranA Bradford

Abstract

Upper airway (UA) reflexes play an important role in regulating breathing and UA patency, but the effects of UA CO2 and cooling on ventilation and UA muscle activity are controversial. Diaphragm and geniohyoid electromyographic activities were recorded in anaesthetized rats, breathing spontaneously through a low-cervical tracheostomy. Warmed, humidified air containing 0 or 10% CO2 and cooled, room humidity air were applied at constant flow to the UA through a high- cervical tracheostomy. Spontaneous tracheal airflow, UA airflow and temperature, blood pressure, and rectal temperature were recorded. In all animals, the geniohyoid muscle had phasic inspiratory activity, which slightly preceded diaphragmatic activity. CO2 had no effect on mean peak integrated diaphragmatic activity and variable effects on geniohyoid activity. The coefficients of variation of these activities were unaffected by CO2. Similar results were obtained following bilateral mid-cervical vagotomy. Cool air decreased respiratory frequency (78+/-8%) (mean+/-SD % of control), peak inspiratory flow (78+/-5%) and diaphragmatic activity (77+/-4%), and increased geniohyoid activity (149+/-11%). Cutting the superior laryngeal nerves abolished these effects. In conclu...Continue Reading

Citations

Feb 13, 2001·European Journal of Pharmacology·D Cantillon, A Bradford
Dec 5, 1998·Respiration Physiology·X Zhang, E N Bruce
Jul 7, 2000·Pharmacology & Therapeutics·A HajiM Okazaki
Feb 24, 2001·Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology & Physiology·M McGuireA Bradford
Nov 22, 2002·Journal of Orthodontics·S TakahashiT Kuroda
Nov 16, 2004·Journal of Applied Physiology·A K CurranD Bartlett
Aug 12, 2015·Current Opinion in Supportive and Palliative Care·Flavia Swan, Sara Booth
Feb 19, 2011·Journal of Applied Physiology·Elizabeth C BrownSimon C Gandevia
Apr 8, 2003·Journal of Applied Physiology·M YokobaP A Easton

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.