Effective tree distribution and stand structures in a forest for tsunami mitigation considering the different tree-breaking patterns of tree species

Journal of Environmental Management
Norio TanakaHiroyuki Torita

Abstract

The effectiveness of coastal forests to mitigate a tsunami has received increased attention. However, many trees are broken, overturned, or washed out in large tsunami events like the 2011 Great East Japan tsunami (GEJT). For quantitatively estimating the advantages and disadvantages of a coastal forest, it is important to reproduce the forest breakage, especially paying attention to the production of driftwood and the trapping ability of standing trees. The objective of this study was to analyze the tree-breaking mode in detail, considering the stand structure of trees, to demonstrate an energy reduction even when trees are broken, and to utilize the information about the breaking pattern to design and manage a coastal forest properly. In this regard, one location, Misawa, the forest of which was affected by the GEJT, was selected for model validation, and coastal forests in two locations, Shiranuka Town and Taiki Town, in Hokkaido, Japan, were selected because a large tsunami is expected to occur there in the future. A numerical simulation of two tsunami magnitudes at the two Hokkaido sites demonstrated that a tree whose crown is far from the ground tends to be broken at the tree trunk. Dahurian larch (Larix gmelinii) and Dai...Continue Reading

Citations


❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences : MRMS : an Official Journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
Toshiharu NakaiKunihiro Yoshioka
Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness
Jun NamikiRihito Ui
Ying yong sheng tai xue bao = The journal of applied ecology
Li-Chun JiangFeng-Ri Li
© 2022 Meta ULC. All rights reserved