Effectiveness and toxicity screening of various absorption enhancers using Caco-2 cell monolayers

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin
Y S QuanA Yamamoto

Abstract

We studied the enhancing and toxic effects of five different absorption enhancers on the transport of FITC-dextran with an average molecular weight of 4000 (FD-4) across Caco-2 cell monolayers, and their enhancing effects were also compared with those in rat intestine. The enhancing and cytotoxic properties of these enhancers were characterized using the following tests: measurement of the permeability coefficients of FD-4 and the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) in Caco-2, the release of cytosolic lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and intracellular mitochondrial dehydrogenase (MDH) activity. All the absorption enhancers increased the permeability of FD-4 across Caco-2 cell monolayers and a good relationship was observed between the enhancement and their toxic effects. However, EDTA and Na-Cap were effective for improving the transport of FD-4 across Caco-2 cells without serious cytotoxicity. At concentrations with low cytotoxicity, various absorption enhancers exihibited reversible effects on the TEER values in Caco-2 cell monolayers, except for 50 mM sodium salicylate (Na-Sal). Moreover, we obtained a good correlation between the enhancement of these enhancers in Caco-2 cell monolayers and in rat large intestine. This f...Continue Reading

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